WHO issues First Global Guideline for Managing Sickle Cell Disease During Pregnancy – A Growing Health Crisis
Geneva,Switzerland – June 19,2025 – The World Health Organization (WHO) today unveiled its inaugural global guideline addressing the management of sickle cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy, a critical step in tackling a health challenge with perhaps fatal consequences for both mothers and infants. this guideline arrives as SCD cases surge globally, demanding urgent attention and investment.Understanding Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited blood disorders characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells – resembling crescents or “sickles” – that obstruct blood flow. This obstruction leads to severe anemia, excruciating pain episodes, frequent infections, and life-threatening emergencies such as strokes, sepsis, and organ failure. The disease is notably prevalent in regions where malaria is endemic,notably sub-Saharan Africa,accounting for approximately 80% of global cases,as well as parts of the Middle East,the Caribbean,and South asia [[3]].
Pregnancy Complications & The Urgent Need for Guidance
The risks associated with SCD are dramatically amplified during pregnancy due to the increased physiological demands on the body. Women with SCD face a staggering 4- to 11-fold higher risk of maternal death compared to those without the condition. They are also significantly more susceptible to obstetric complications like pre-eclampsia, and their babies are at increased risk of stillbirth, premature birth, or low birth weight.
“With quality health care,women with inherited blood disorders like sickle cell disease can have safe and healthy pregnancies and births,” stated Dr. Pascale Allotey, Director for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research at WHO and the United Nations’ Special Programme for Human Reproduction (HRP).”This new guideline aims to improve pregnancy outcomes for those affected. With sickle cell on the rise, more investment is urgently needed to expand access to evidence-based treatments during pregnancy as well as diagnosis and information about this neglected disease.”
global Impact & Rising Prevalence
Currently, an estimated 7.7 million people worldwide live with SCD – a figure that has risen by over 40% since 2000. The disease tragically results in over 375,000 deaths annually. Increased global mobility and improved life expectancy are contributing to the wider spread of the sickle cell gene, necessitating greater awareness and preparedness among maternity care providers globally.
Key Recommendations in the New WHO Guideline
Recognizing the limitations of existing clinical guidance, which largely originates from high-income countries, the WHO guideline focuses on providing evidence-based recommendations applicable to low- and middle-income settings where the majority of SCD cases and deaths occur. The guideline encompasses over 20 recommendations, including:
Folic acid and iron supplementation, tailored to malaria-endemic areas.
Effective management of sickle cell crises and pain relief strategies.
* Preventative measures to mitigate complications during pregnancy.
Call to Action: Increased Investment & Access to Care
The release of this guideline underscores the urgent need for increased investment in SCD research, diagnosis, and treatment, particularly in resource-limited settings. Expanding access to evidence-based care during pregnancy is paramount to improving outcomes for women and babies affected by this devastating disease.
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